Please keep in mind your purpose for trying to find out if someone is doing alcohol and/or drugs- To recognize and Help rather than Catch and Punish.
General: general and specific guides to detection of alcohol and drug use, and definition of addiction.
Benzodiazepine Withdrawal
Contents:I. general Guide to Detection
Ii. Definition of Addiction
Iii. Pupil Dilation
Iv. Signs and Symptoms
V. Paraphernalia a) S/S Chart Version
Vi. Drug Facts
Vii. Articles and Other Resources
Viii. Drug Pictures/Resources
Ix. Topics
X. Added Articles (Alcoholism, Drugs, adolescent Addiction, Interventions)
Xi. Overdose and crisis Intervention Techniques
I. Specific: general Guide to Detection
Abrupt changes in work or school attendance, potential of work, work output, grades, discipline.
Unusual flare-ups or outbreaks of temper. Resignation from responsibility. general changes in ample attitude. Deterioration of physical appearance and grooming.
Wearing of sunglasses at inappropriate times. Continual wearing of long-sleeved garments particularly in hot weather or reluctance to wear short sleeved attire when appropriate. Relationship with known substance abusers. Unusual borrowing of money from friends, co-workers or parents. Stealing small items from employer, home or school. Secretive behavior about actions and possessions; poorly concealed attempts to avoid attentiveness and suspicion such as frequent trips to storage rooms, restroom, basement, etc.
Ii. Specific: Dsm-Iv Definition of Addiction
A maladaptive pattern of substance use, leading to clinically vital impairment or distress, as manifested by three (or more) of the following, occurring at any time in the same 12-month period:
(1) Tolerance, as defined by either of the following:
a. A need for markedly increased amounts of the substance to achieve intoxication or desired effect.
b. Markedly diminished consequent with prolonged use of the same number of the substance.
(2) Withdrawal, as manifested by either of the following:
a. The characteristic Resignation syndrome for the substance
b. The same (or a closely related) substance is taken to comfort or avoid Resignation symptoms. (
3) The substance is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer duration than was intended (loss of control).
(4) There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control substance use (loss of control). (
5) A great deal of time is spent on activities vital to regain the substance, use the substance, or recover from its effects (preoccupation).
(6) leading social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of substance use (continuation despite adverse consequences).
(7) The substance use is prolonged despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological qoute that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the substance (adverse consequences).
Iii. Specific: Pupil Dilation
Before you do anything, think this. There are two trains of opinion prior to detection and intervention. One opinion is to catch and punish, and the other is to recognize and help- remember why you are doing this, and the intervention will turn out much better.
Note: A 6mm, 7mm, or 8mm pupil size could indicate that a someone is under the work on of cocaine, crack, and meth, hallucinogens, crystal, ecstasy, or other stimulant. A 1mm or 2mm pupil size could indicate a someone under the work on of heroin, opiates, or other depressant. A pupil close to pinpoint could indicate use. A pupil thoroughly dilated could indicate use. Blown out wide pupils are indicative of crack, methamphetamine, cocaine, and stimulant use. Pinpoint pupils are indicative of heroin, opiate, depressant use.
Other causes of pupil dilation
Iv. Specific: Signs and Symptoms
Alcohol: Odor on the breath. Intoxication. Strangeness focusing: glazed appearance of the eyes. Uncharacteristically passive behavior; or combative and argumentative behavior. Gradual (or sudden in adolescents) deterioration in personal appearance and hygiene. Gradual improvement of dysfunction, especially in job doing or schoolwork. Absenteeism (particularly on Monday). Unexplained bruises and accidents. Irritability. Flushed skin. Loss of memory (blackouts). Availability and consumption of alcohol becomes the focus of group or pro activities. Changes in peer-group associations and friendships. Impaired interpersonal relationships (troubled marriage, unexplainable termination of deep relationships, alienation from close house members).
Marijuana/Pot: Rapid, loud talking and bursts of laughter linearly stages of intoxication. Sleepy or stupor in the later stages. Forgetfulness in conversation. Inflammation in whites of eyes; pupils unlikely to be dilated. Odor similar to burnt rope on clothing or breath. Tendency to drive gradually - below speed limit. Distorted sense of time passage - tendency to overestimate time intervals. Use or possession of paraphernalia together with roach clip, packs of rolling papers, pipes or bongs. Marijuana users are difficult to recognize unless they are under the work on of the drug at the time of observation. Casual users may show none of the general symptoms. Marijuana does have a clear odor and may be the same color or a bit greener than tobacco.
Cocaine/Crack/Methamphetamines/Stimulants: extremely dilated pupils. Dry mouth and nose, bad breath, frequent lip licking. Immoderate activity, Strangeness sitting still, lack of interest in food or sleep. Irritable, argumentative, nervous. Talkative, but conversation often lacks continuity; changes subjects rapidly. Runny nose, cold or chronic sinus/nasal problems, nose bleeds. Use or possession of paraphernalia together with small spoons, razor blades, mirror, minute bottles of white powder and plastic, glass or metal straws.
Depressants: Symptoms of alcohol intoxication with no alcohol odor on breath (remember that depressants are often used with alcohol). Lack of facial expression or animation. Flat affect. Flaccid appearance. Slurred speech. Note: There are few facilely apparent symptoms. Abuse may be indicated by activities such as frequent visits to dissimilar physicians for prescriptions to treat" nervousness", "anxiety"," stress", etc.
Narcotics/Prescription Drugs/Opium/Heroin/Codeine/Oxycontin: Lethargy, drowsiness. Constricted pupils fail to respond to light. Blush and raw nostrils from inhaling heroin in power form. Scars (tracks) on inner arms or other parts of body, from needle injections. Use or possession of paraphernalia, together with syringes, bent spoons, bottle caps, eyedroppers, rubber tubing, cotton and needles. Slurred speech. While there may be no facilely apparent symptoms of analgesic abuse, it may be indicated by frequent visits to dissimilar physicians or dentists for prescriptions to treat pain of non-specific origin. In cases where sick person has chronic pain and abuse of medication is suspected, it may be indicated by amounts and frequency taken.
Inhalants: Substance odor on breath and clothes. Runny nose. Watering eyes. Drowsiness or unconsciousness. Poor muscle control. Prefers group operation to being alone. Proximity of bags or rags containing dry plastic cement or other solvent at home, in locker at school or at work. Discarded whipped cream, spray paint or similar chargers (users of nitrous oxide). Small bottles labeled" incense" (users of butyl nitrite).
Solvents, Aerosols, Glue, Petrol: Nitrous Oxide - laughing gas, whippits, nitrous. Amyl Nitrate - snappers, poppers, pearlers, rushamie, .Butyl Nitrate - locker room, bolt, bullet, rush, climax, red gold. Slurred speech, impaired coordination, nausea, vomiting, slowed breathing. Brain damage, pains in the chest, muscles, joints, heart trouble, severe depression, fatigue, loss of appetite, bronchial spasm, sores on nose or mouth, nosebleeds, diarrhea, bizarre or reckless behavior, sudden death, suffocation.
Lsd/Hallucinogens: extremely dilated pupils, (see note below). Warm skin, Immoderate perspiration and body odor. Distorted sense of sight, hearing, touches; distorted image of self and time perception. Mood and behavior changes, the extent depending on emotional state of the user and environmental conditions Unpredictable flashback episodes even long after Resignation (although these are rare). Hallucinogenic drugs, which occur both simply and in synthetic form, distort or disturb sensory input, sometimes to a great degree. Hallucinogens occur simply in primarily two forms, (peyote) cactus and psilocybin mushrooms.
Several chemical varieties have been synthesized, most notably, Mda , Stp, and Pcp. Hallucinogen usage reached a peaking the United States in the late 1960's, but declined shortly thereafter due to a broader awareness of the detrimental effects of usage. However, a disturbing trend indicating resurgence in hallucinogen usage by high school and college age persons nationwide has been acknowledged by law enforcement. With the exception of Pcp, all hallucinogens seem to share coarse effects of use. Any portion of sensory perceptions may be altered to varying degrees. Synesthesia, or the "seeing" of sounds, and the "hearing" of colors, is a coarse side consequent of hallucinogen use. Depersonalization, acute anxiety, and acute depression resulting in suicide have also been noted as a consequent of hallucinogen use. Note: there are some forms of hallucinogens that are thought about downers and constrict pupil diameters.
Pcp: Unpredictable behavior; mood may swing from passiveness to violence for no apparent reason. Symptoms of intoxication. Disorientation; agitation and violence if exposed to Immoderate sensory stimulation. Fear, terror. Rigid muscles. Strange gait. Deadened sensory perception (may caress severe injuries while appearing not to notice). Pupils may appear dilated. Mask like facial appearance. Floating pupils, appear to consequent a inviting object. Comatose (unresponsive) if large number consumed. Eyes may be open or closed.
Ecstasy: Confusion, depression, headaches, dizziness (from hangover/after effects), muscle tension, panic attacks, paranoia, possession of pacifiers (used to stop jaw clenching), lollipops, candy necklaces, mentholated vapor rub, severe anxiety, sore jaw (from clenching teeth after effects), vomiting or nausea (from hangover/after effects)
Signs that your teen could be high on Ecstasy: Blurred vision, rapid eye movement, pupil dilation, chills or sweating, high body temperature, sweating profusely, dehydrated, confusion, faintness, paranoia or severe anxiety, trance-like state, transfixed on sites and sounds, unconscious clenching of the jaw, grist teeth, very affectionate.
V. Drug Signs & Symptoms
Stimulants (Cocaine, Ecstasy, Meth., Crystal)
Depressants (Heroin, Marijuana, Downers)
Hallucinogens (Lsd)
Narcotics (Rx. Medications)
Inhalants (Paint, Gasoline, White Out)
Pcp
Alcohol
Note: Paraphernalia- Keep in mind, that you may not find drugs, if you are searching for them, but you can normally find the paraphernalia related with use.
Vi. Specific: Drug Facts
Includes identifiers, definitions, language of users and dealers. Drug Terms Slang and road Terms
Vii. Specific: Articles and Other Resources
This the Added information for brain chemistry and the drug user)
Viii. Specific: Drug Pictures/Resources from the Dea
Chemical Control
Introduction To Drug Classes
Narcotics Narcotics of Natural Origin
Opium, Morphine, Codeine, Thebaine
Semi-Synthetic Narcotics
Heroin Hydromorphone Oxycodone Hydrododone
Synthetic Narcotics
Meperidine
Narcotics medicine Drugs
Methadone Dextroproxyphene Fentanyl Pentazocine Butorphanol
Depressants Barbiturates
Controlled Substances Uses and Effects (Chart) Benzodiazepines Gamma
Hydroxybutric AcidParaldehyde, Chloral HydrateGlutethimide 7
MethaqualoneMeprobamate
Newly Marketed Drugs
Stimulants Cocaine Amphetamines
Methcathinone, Methylphenidate
Anorectic Drugs hat
Cannabis Marijuana Hashish Hashish Oil
Hallucinogens Lsd Psilocybin & Psiocyn and Other Tryptamines Peyote & Mescaline Mdma (Ecstasy) & Other Phenethylamines Phencyclidine (Pcp) & related Drugs Ketamine
Steroids
Inhalants
Ix. Specific: Nicd Topics
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Alcohol and Drug Addiction Survival Kit
General: A series, for the individual, family, friends, employers, educators, professionals, etc. On prevention, intervention, treatment, recovery, relapse prevention, support, and other issues relating to alcoholism and drug addiction.
1. Prevention- Includes tips on how to talk to your kids about alcohol, tobacco, and drugs.
2. Detection of Signs and Symptoms- A guide to detection of alcohol and assorted drug usage.
3. Definition of Addiction- A Dsm-Iv definition of exactly what constitutes alcoholism and drug addiction.
4. Intervention- Interventions can and do work. We will show you how to do it effectively.
5. medicine & Housing- A medicine center and halfway house locator.
6. Support- Some guides to how to support someone while they are in treatment.
7. After Care- What to do prior to and after publish from treatment.
8. Salvage / Relapse Prevention- Addiction can outside again, in the form of relapse.
9. Other Issues- Issues to think about about those affected by substance abuse, as well as those colse to them.
10. References- A list of those who contributed to this series of articles.
Articles healing Today Dr. William Gallagher takes us through his use of Dnft with his patients. Psychotherapy Today Psychologist Jim Maclaine keeps us up to date with his articles of insight, therapy, and healing. Counseling Today Therapist Thom Rutledge gives a creative approach to dealing with life on life's terms via his unique counseling sessions. Big Book Bytes Author Shelly Marshall shares via the Big Book on issues of concern to those in recovery. All pages are set-up to copy, for use by counselors, professionals, sponsors, and others.
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A.A. History Author Dick B. Will take you back to a time when the Salvage rates were as high as 93%.
Journaling Today A series of informative articles by Author Doreene Clementon how, why, and what to write about.
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Articles of God and Faith Features 100's of topics relating to God, faith, spirituality, and more.
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Steps Today Salvage Peer and Advisory Board Member Dean G. Gives creative approach to dealing with life on life's terms via his unique Salvage sessions.
Step Work / Relapse prevention This aid is designed to help with step work, with quotes and pages from the Big Book, with forms ready to copy and utilize. There is a section devoted to relapse prevention as well.
X. Specific: Added Articles
Health and healing News, videos, text from the world of medicine, health, and medical.
Ecstasy information.
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Family aid for substance abuse.
Addiction medicine for my teenager.
Overdose or Od Information
Xi. Specific: Overdose & crisis Intervention Techniques
Drug Overdose- Drug overdoses can be accidental or on purpose. The number of a drug needed to cause an overdose varies with the type of drug and the someone taking it. Overdoses from prescription or over-the-counter (Otc) medicines, "street" drugs, and/or alcohol can be life threatening. Know, too, that mixing clear medications or "street" drugs with alcohol can also kill.
Physical symptoms of a drug overdose vary with the type of drug(s) taken. They include: Abnormal breathing Slurred speech Lack of coordination Slow or rapid pulse Low or elevated body climatic characteristic Enlarged or small eye pupils Reddish face Heavy sweating Drowsiness Violent outbursts Delusions and/or hallucinations Unconsciousness which may lead to coma (Note: A diabetic who takes insulin may show some of the above symptoms if he or she is having an insulin reaction.)
Parents need to watch for signs of illegal drug and alcohol use in their children. Morning hangovers, the odor of alcohol, and red streaks in the whites of the eyes are clear signs of alcohol use. Items such as pipes, rolling papers, eye droppers and butane lighters may be the first telling clues that someone is abusing drugs. Another clue is behavior changes such as: Lack of appetite Insomnia Hostility reasoning blurring Depression Mood swings Secretive behavior group isolation Deep sleep Hallucinations.
Prevention- Accidental prescription and over-the-counter medication overdoses may be prevented by request your doctor or pharmacist: What is the medication and why is it being prescribed? How and when should the medication be taken and for how long? (Follow the instructions exactly as given.) Can the medication be taken with other medicines or alcohol or not? Are there any foods to avoid while taking this medication? What are the possible side effects? What are the symptoms of an overdose and what should be done if it occurs? Should any activities be avoided such as sitting in the sun, operating heavy machinery, driving? Should the medicine still be taken if there is a pre-existing healing condition?
To avoid medication overdoses: Never take a medicine prescribed for someone else. Never give or take medication in the dark. Before each dose, all the time read the label on the bottle to be clear it is the accurate medication. all the time tell the doctor of any former side effects or adverse reactions to medication as well as new and unusual symptoms that occur after taking the medicine. all the time store medications in bottles with childproof lids and place those bottles on high shelves, out of a child's reach, or in locked cabinets. Take the prescribed dose, not more. Keep medications in their customary packaging to discourage illicit drug use among children: Set a good example for your children by not using drugs yourself. Teach your child to say "No" to drugs and alcohol. Illustrate the dangers of drug use, together with the risk of Aids. Get to know your children's friends and their parents. Know where your children are and whom they are with. Listen to your children and help them to express their feelings and fears. Encourage your children to engage in healthy activities such as sports, scouting, community-based youth programs and volunteer work. Learn to recognize the signs of drug and alcohol abuse.
Questions to Ask:
Is the someone not breathing and has no pulse? First Aid achieve Cyprinids the someone not breathing, but has a pulse? First Aid achieve Salvage Breathing And is the someone unconscious? First Aid lay the victim down on his or her left side and check airway, breathing and pulse often before crisis care. Do Cpr or Salvage Breathing as needed. Anddoes the someone have any of these signs? Hallucinations blurring Convulsions Breathing slow and shallow and/or slurring their words
Do you presume the someone has taken an overdose of drugs? First Aid Call Poison control Center. consequent the Poison control Center's instructions. approach the victim calmly and carefully. Walk the someone colse to to keep him or her awake and to help the syrup of ipecac work faster, if you were told to give this to the victim. Also, see "Poisoning". And is the person's personality suddenly hostile, violent and aggressive? First Aid Use caution. Safe yourself. Do not turn your back to the victim or move suddenly in front of him or her. If you can, see that the victim does not harm you, himself or herself. Remember, the victim is under the work on of a drug. Call the police to help you if you cannot deal with the situation. Leave and find a safe place to stay until the police arrive. And Have you or someone else accidentally taken more than the prescribed dose of a prescription or over-the-counter medication? Do Not achieve any technique unless it is a matter of life and death! If you are unsure of what you are doing, please consequent the instructions given by a 911 operator.
Note: If doctor is not available, call Poison control Center. consequent instructions given.
Signs and Symptoms of Substance Abuse-Overdose assistance